Create RESTful API / Web Service with Slim, PHP & MySQL

RestFul API

HTTP methods:
GET: Used to retrieve and search data.

POST: Used to insert data.
PUT: Used to update data.
DELETE: Used to delete data.
Add below .htaccess file in your api folder http://localhost/api

RewriteEngine On

RewriteBase /api # if hosting api files on root use only /

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f

RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php [QSA,L]

Database design and table:
database name => smartprogramming
table name => restAPI
column names => id, name, email, ip, date
db.sql
Database file run in your MySQL to create database and add data in table.

-- Table structure for table `restAPI`

CREATE TABLE `restAPI` (

`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`name` varchar(240) NOT NULL,

`email` varchar(240) NOT NULL,

`password` varchar(240) NOT NULL,

`date` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,

`ip` varchar(20) NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

Database configuration
Edit database name, user and password as per your configuration

function getConnection() {

try {

$db_username = "DATABASE_NAME";

$db_password = "********";

$conn = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=root', $db_username, $db_password);

$conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

} catch(PDOException $e) {

echo 'ERROR: ' . $e->getMessage();

}

return $conn;

}

sed PDO connection you can use as per your ease and I have added this function in same methods file you can also manage them as per your projects.
Implement API
We have created 5 API methods

getUsers
getUser
findByName
addUser
updateUser

$app->get('/users', 'getUsers'); // Using Get HTTP Method and process getUsers function

$app->get('/users/:id', 'getUser'); // Using Get HTTP Method and process getUser function

$app->get('/users/search/:query', 'findByName'); // Using Get HTTP Method and process findByName function

$app->post('/users', 'addUser'); // Using Post HTTP Method and process addUser function

$app->put('/users/:id', 'updateUser'); // Using Put HTTP Method and process updateUser function

1. getUsers: $app->get(‘/users’, ‘getUsers’);

function getUsers() {

$sql_query = "select `name`,`email`,`date`,`ip` FROM restAPI ORDER BY name";

try {

$dbCon = getConnection();

$stmt = $dbCon->query($sql_query);

$users = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);

$dbCon = null;

echo '{"users": ' . json_encode($users) . '}';

}

catch(PDOException $e) {

echo '{"error":{"text":'. $e->getMessage() .'}}';

}

This function simply return all users information as you can see in this query, to call this API use this URL http://localhost/api/users this is it for your first API using get route.
2. getUser: $app->get(‘/users/:id’, ‘getUser’); In this route we are sending id.

function getUser($id) {

$sql = "SELECT `name`,`email`,`date`,`ip` FROM restAPI WHERE id=:id";

try {

$dbCon = getConnection();

$stmt = $dbCon->prepare($sql);

$stmt->bindParam("id", $id);

$stmt->execute();

$user = $stmt->fetchObject();

$dbCon = null;

echo json_encode($user);

} catch(PDOException $e) {

echo '{"error":{"text":'. $e->getMessage() .'}}';

}

This function check record of given id and return if found any thing, to call this API use this URL http://localhost/api/users/1.
3. findByName: $app->get(‘/users/search/:query’, ‘findByName’); Route is used to search record with extra parameter and a search query with simple get method.

function findByName($query) {

$sql = "SELECT * FROM restAPI WHERE UPPER(name) LIKE :query ORDER BY name";

try {

$dbCon = getConnection();

$stmt = $dbCon->prepare($sql);

$query = "%".$query."%";

$stmt->bindParam("query", $query);

$stmt->execute();

$users = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ);

$dbCon = null;

echo '{"user": ' . json_encode($users) . '}';

} catch(PDOException $e) {

echo '{"error":{"text":'. $e->getMessage() .'}}';

}

4. addUser: $app->post(‘/users’, ‘addUser’); API used to add new record and accept post.

function addUser() {

global $app;

$req = $app->request(); // Getting parameter with names

$paramName = $req->params('name'); // Getting parameter with names

$paramEmail = $req->params('email'); // Getting parameter with names

$sql = "INSERT INTO restAPI (`name`,`email`,`ip`) VALUES (:name, :email, :ip)";

try {

$dbCon = getConnection();

$stmt = $dbCon->prepare($sql);

$stmt->bindParam("name", $paramName);

$stmt->bindParam("email", $paramEmail);

$stmt->bindParam("ip", $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);

$stmt->execute();

$user->id = $dbCon->lastInsertId();

$dbCon = null;

echo json_encode($user);

} catch(PDOException $e) {

echo '{"error":{"text":'. $e->getMessage() .'}}';

}

This API accept post request and insert submitted data in your database as we received parameters in starting of that function. To call this API I have used cURL, you can use jQuery or any other technique.

<?php

if($_POST){

echo post_to_url("http://localhost/users", $_POST);

} else{

ADD RECORD.

</form>

<?php

}

This form will be submitted to your action file and there is a curl and that curl will post data as I have used a hidden input of _METHOD with POST value this is because some times your cURL don’t Post data to API (faced this so used this for post as well) and Slim give us this functionality to method override and as our modern browsers do not have native support to PUT and delete so we have to use method overriding like below.

function post_curl($_url, $_data) {

$mfields = '';

foreach($_data as $key => $val) {

$mfields .= $key . '=' . $val . '&';

}

rtrim($mfields, '&');

$pst = curl_init();

curl_setopt($pst, CURLOPT_URL, $_url);

curl_setopt($pst, CURLOPT_POST, count($_data));

curl_setopt($pst, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $mfields);

curl_setopt($pst, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

$res = curl_exec($pst);

curl_close($pst);

return $res;

}

5. updateUser: $app->put(‘/users/:id’, ‘updateUser’); This route accept put HTTP method

function updateUser($id) {

global $app;

$req = $app->request();

$paramName = $req->params('name');

$paramEmail = $req->params('email');

$sql = "UPDATE restAPI SET name=:name, email=:email WHERE id=:id";

try {

$dbCon = getConnection();

$stmt = $dbCon->prepare($sql);

$stmt->bindParam("name", $paramName);

$stmt->bindParam("email", $paramEmail);

$stmt->bindParam("id", $id);

$status->status = $stmt->execute();

$dbCon = null;

echo json_encode($status);

} catch(PDOException $e) {

echo '{"error":{"text":'. $e->getMessage() .'}}';

}

This API function update your data by id, to call this API we need to again use cURL and HTML form.

<?php

if($_POST){

echo post_to_url("http://localhost/users/".$_POST['id'], $_POST); // add id after last slash which you want to edit.

} else{

UPDATE RECORD.

<br>

</form>

<?php

}

Create RESTful API / Web Service with Slim, PHP & MySQL

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